This article explores the origins and evolution of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS), tracing its development from early electrical stimulation experiments to its emergence as a practical, non-invasive therapy for pain and spasticity management. It explains how tSCS modulates spinal sensory circuits, outlines the scientific milestones that shaped the technique, and highlights its growing role in modern neurorehabilitation. The article also introduces Stim2Go, the first European-approved device for tSCS, and discusses how this versatile technology is bringing advanced spinal stimulation into everyday clinical and home-based rehabilitation.

This article provides an overview of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS), a non-invasive spinal stimulation therapy used in neurorehabilitation to support spasticity reduction, neuropathic pain management, and rehabilitation alongside therapy. It explains how tSCS works, reviews current research evidence, outlines safety considerations, and explores the growing availability of commercial tSCS devices for clinical and home-based use.

This article explains transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS), a non-surgical approach that is generating significant interest in the spinal cord injury community. We'll explore what it is, how it differs from implanted stimulation, what the current research shows — including applications for pain and spasticity management — and what questions you might want to discuss with your clinical team.

Muscle atrophy, the wasting away of muscle tissue, is a significant and often debilitating consequence of nerve damage or spinal cord injury. A proactive approach using forms of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) offers a powerful alternative: stopping muscle atrophy before it even begins and preserving tissue health for the long term.

When a spinal cord injury causes lower limb paralysis, for example, the leg muscles can no longer be exercised and strengthened through conventional methods, affecting muscle mass, circulation, and more. In many of these cases, approaches such as FES Cycling might help, and we'll mention this in more detail below.

If the injury affects the "lower motor neurons," this loss of muscle mass can be particularly profound. In this case the nature of the damage to the nervous system results in "denervation" which means that over time, muscle is gradually replaced by fibrous tissue, collagen, and fat. In these cases, a more specialised form of FES can be used to restore muscle bulk and tissue quality.

Discover how Stim2Go is revolutionizing neurological rehabilitation by becoming the first FES cycling system to integrate transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) protocols. This non-invasive approach combines the proven benefits of functional electrical stimulation with cutting-edge spinal cord modulation techniques, offering new hope for individuals recovering from spinal cord injury, stroke, and other neurological conditions. Learn how tSCS works, why it's showing promising results for spasticity reduction and motor recovery, and how our platform makes this advanced therapy accessible for home use.

When treating denervated muscles with electrical stimulation, a common assumption is that stronger is better—that maximum current intensity will produce the best results. However, clinical evidence tells a different story: optimal outcomes come from finding the minimum effective intensity, not the maximum tolerable one.
I generally advise clients at the beginning not to worry too much about the specific current level, but to increase the current intensity until they start to see a contraction, and then increase by about 10% over that. I would call that the minimum effective intensity.